University+of+Nevada,+Reno


 * 2015: BLCC Ocean Aff**

INHERENCY 1. OCEAN BioProspecting has no domestic regulation. Neill 13, Peter Neill, Director of the World Ocean Observatory, “Ocean Bio-Prospecting” 7/12/2013 [] We all know….Number of nations.

PLAN: The United States Federal Government shall by an act of Congress signed by the President ban all marine bioprospecting and marine bioprospecting activities within the United States Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ).

SOLVENCY: 1. US action key, any risk of harmful environmental effects from marine bioprospecting demands regulation. Leroux and Mbengue 10 , Dr. David Leroux, LALIVE Attorneys-at-Law, Geneva, Dr. Makane Moïse Mbengue University of Geneva Law School, “DEEP-SEA MARINE BIOPROSPECTING UNDER UNCLOS AND THE CBD” 2010 https://www.iho.int/mtg_docs/com_wg/ABLOS/ABLOS_Conf6/S3P1-P.pdf Accessed: 9/24/15

“Although the CBD...in their EEZ”

ADVANTAGE1: 1. Bioprospecting destroys marine biodiversity through habitat disruption, unsustainable resource extraction, and poor extraction techniques. Koyama 15 , Michelle Koyama, African Center for Biosafety, “Marine Bioprospecting: Key challenges and the situation in South Africa”, February 2015, http://acbio.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/marinebioprospectingbooklet.pdf

“it is argued….in section III”

2. Stopping bioprospecting research now is key Allsop et. al 09, Michelle Allsop, Greenpeace Research Laboratories, “State of the World’s Oceans”, 2009, https://books.google.com/books?id=jemh0oJ0mJcC&pg=PA10&lpg=PA10&dq=bioprospecting+marine+biodiversity+hotspots+disrupt&source=bl&ots=kJoCUQZf4A&sig=2lXBRcaaC4y_UWte9yop-tz6iTk&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAmoVChMIj9OflJeWyAIVB5yACh0sMAzF#v=onepage&q=bioprospecting%20marine%20biodiversity%20hotspots%20disrupt&f=false

“to date, most….of over-harvesting”

3. Loss of marine ecology causes extinction Physorg.com 07 [December 27th, 2007, “Deep-sea species' loss could lead to oceans' collapse, study suggests”, []

“the loss of...on the planet”

AD 2: 1. 1. Pharmaceutical companies take advantage of indigenous knowledge for bioprospecting with no reciprocity Bhatia and Chugh 14, Pooja Bhatia and Archana Chugh, Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-110016, India “Role of marine bioprospecting contracts in developing access and benefit sharing mechanism for marine traditional knowledge holders in the pharmaceutical industry” 11/15/2014 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2351989414000857 “ the remarkable growth...in marine areas”

2. 2. Corporate profiteering guarantees unsustainable practices and rejection of benefit sharing Robert M. Warner, PhD from the Scripps Institute of Oceanography, 2008 http://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1178&context=lawpapers Accessed: 9/15/15

“on the other….and future generations”

3. Indigenous People are in a double bind- Either they honor their own traditions but are exploited, or they co-opt their own culture to follow Western Intellectual Property laws Shannon Smith, Michigan State University College of Law, in Journal of Animal and Natural Resource Law, Volume 10, 2015 [J.D., “All Hands on Deck: Biopiracy and the Available Protection for Traditional Knowledge,” pg. 273-293, accessed 7/7/15]

“in establishing their...of property rights”

4. Western Intellectual Property laws act as a form of cultural genocide, in which white colonialist ideology replaces the autonomy and culture of indigenous people Phoenix Singer, Postcolonial Studies and Critical Race Theory at Portland State University, No Date, Uploaded 2015 [“Colonialism, Two-Spirit Identity, and the Logic of White Supremacy,” [] ]

“the act of the...within our communities”


 * 2015: GGO Posted after Round 1**

OBSERVATION 1: INHERENCY A. Americans think “bioprospecting” is done by hippie scientists in the Amazon so there has been almost no discussion of domestic regulation. < John R. Adair, The Bioprospecting Question: Should the United States Charge Biotechnology Companies for the Commercial Use of Public Wild Genetic Resources, 24 Ecology L.Q. (1997). Available at: [] >jd

[This new activity raise…. share of the proceeds.]

B. Agencies struggling with bioprospecting concerns demonstrate a need for Congressional action. < Andrea Aseff, First Federal Prohibition on Bioprospecting within a Place of Protection: Time to Spur the Legislative Dialogue, Colorado Journal of International Environmental Law and Policy 22:189-218 (2011). Available at [] >jd

[In 2009, the U.S. Fish…. possibly irreversible, manner.]

Plan: The United States Federal Government should substantially increase restrictions on bioprospecting by: (1) establishing a clear statutory scheme governing bioprospecting on federal lands and (2) preventing bioprospecting in national parks, national monuments, wilderness areas, and other sensitive or highly protected areas.

Observation 2: Solvency A. We need a uniform statutory scheme to preserve public land resources. < Andrea Aseff, First Federal Prohibition on Bioprospecting within a Place of Protection: Time to Spur the Legislative Dialogue, Colorado Journal of International Environmental Law and Policy 22:189-218 (2011). Available at [] >jd

[There are many compromises….or highly protected areas.] B. Resolving the “bioprospecting question” for federal lands is net-beneficial domestically and models to developing countries. < John R. Adair, The Bioprospecting Question: Should the United States Charge Biotechnology Companies for the Commercial Use of Public Wild Genetic Resources, 24 Ecology L.Q. (1997). Available at: [] >jd

[The commentators are correct…. eclipse its frailties.]

Observation 3: Biodiversity A. The failure to create a legal regime for bioprospecting hurts biodiversity and, more importantly hurts any future effort to protect biodiversity. < Andrea Aseff, First Federal Prohibition on Bioprospecting within a Place of Protection: Time to Spur the Legislative Dialogue, Colorado Journal of International Environmental Law and Policy 22:189-218 (2011). Available at [] >jd

[Bioprospecting is a major….effect on future goals.]

B. Unregulated bioprospecting threatens biodiversity and human health; risks ecosystem collapse. < Andrea Aseff, First Federal Prohibition on Bioprospecting within a Place of Protection: Time to Spur the Legislative Dialogue, Colorado Journal of International Environmental Law and Policy 22:189-218 (2011). Available at [] >jd

[Public health and environmental….consequentially, public health.]

C. Biodiversity loss from unregulated bioprospecting threatens any future bioprospecting or research gains. < Andrea Aseff, First Federal Prohibition on Bioprospecting within a Place of Protection: Time to Spur the Legislative Dialogue, Colorado Journal of International Environmental Law and Policy 22:189-218 (2011). Available at [] >jd

[On the other hand, preservation…..ecological, anthropogenic harms.]

Observation 4: International Modeling A. Ambiguity in the U.N. Convention on Biological Diversity prevents indigenous groups from benefiting from local bioprospecting. < Katy Moran, Steven R. King & Thomas J. Carlson, Biodiversity Prospecting: Lessons and Prospects, Annu. Rev. Anthropol. 2001. 30:505–26. Available at [] >jd

[What has not yet….CBD was created to resolve]

B. U.S. domestic law would model to domestic and foreign companies, developing countries, and the international legal community. < John R. Adair, The Bioprospecting Question: Should the United States Charge Biotechnology Companies for the Commercial Use of Public Wild Genetic Resources, 24 Ecology L.Q. (1997). Available at: [] >jd

[Finally, a compensation-seeking…. international view on bioprospecting.]

PGMs the United States federal government will institute a mining infrastructure on the moon to mine platinum group metals. Funding and Enforcement are guaranteed.
 * 2014-2015**

Lunar Ring In order to increase development of the Earth’s moon in the area of energy, the United States federal government will establish a system of moon based solar power stations.


 * 2013-2014**

NCFA Post- __**Direct Instruction-**__ Plan: The United States Federal Government, through an act of congress, signed by the President, will require that all kindergarten through third grade classes be taught through the direct instruction (full immersion) method. Funding and enforcement are guaranteed through normal means. Aff holds the right to clarify in cross examination.

__**Foreign Language**__

The United States federal government, through an act of congress signed by the President, will provide $100 million annually for the expansion of foreign language education in primary and secondary education in the United States. Check my pages - [|Los Angeles DUI Lawyer & Attorneys]